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Symbolization
Symbol a...p
Symbol q...w
Symbol x...z
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Gene/Marker

Descriptor

a1

Vertical arrangement of leaves (371)

Aact1

The ScAACT1 gene at the Qalt5 locus is as a candidate for increased aluminum tolerance (495)

Aadh >>> Adh

Aromatic alcohol dehydrogenase

Aat syn Got

Aspartat aminotransferase

AawR173-3 Petkus rye59   

Rye-specific PCR DNA primers

AawR173-3 King II

Rye-specific PCR DNA primers

Ac

Color of anthers

Acc240

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (423)

Acl

Acyl carrier protein

Acl1.2 syn Xwayc4

 

Acl1.3 syn Xwayc2

 

Aco

Aconitase

Acp

Acid phosphatase

Acph >>> Acp

 

Adgp2 syn Xwye838

 

Adgp3 syn Xwye1858

 

alb

Albinism of seedling

Adh

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Adh syn Xcsd19

 

Adk

Adenylate kinase isomerase

Al

Length of anthers (358)

al syn el

Absent ligule

Almt142

Malate transporter gene likely responsible for aluminum tolerance (365,428,429)

Alp

Alkine phosphatase

alpha-Amy3 syn Xpsr14

 

Alt1-6RS

Tolerance to excess of aluminum (410)

Alt2-3RS

Tolerance to excess of aluminum, major locus (348,410,428); secretion of organic acids malate and citrate are accociated with the presence of Alt2 (417)

Alt3-4RL

Tolerance to excess of aluminum  (410,428)

Alt4-7RS53

Tolerance to excess of aluminum (409,410,428,448); encodes an aluminum-activated organic acid transporter gene that could be utilized to increase Al tolerance in Al sensitive plant species

Amp syn Lap

Aminopeptidase

Amy...

amylase 30  (386)

an1 syn vi1

Anthocyaninless (pale seeds)

an2

Anthocyaninless leaf base

An1  

Anthocyanin (green seeds)

An1a

Anthocyanin (green seeds)

An1b

Anthocyanin (green seeds)

An3,4,6

Anthocyanin (purple seeds)

An5 syn R, R1

Anthocyanin (purple leaf base)

An7

Anthocyanin (purple leaf base)

Ans58

Anthocyanidin synthaseof anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway (476)

Anu...

Antinutritive component

Apr >>> Xapr

 

APase

Root  secretion of acid phosphatase (413)

asc...

Asynaptic chromosome pairing (343)

Asi >>> I(as) >>> Si

 

atp

Mitochondrial genes (321)

au

Aurea

AW15 >>> Xaw15

cDNA clone

Axc

Arabinoxylan content on 2R and 3R (381), other genes on chromosomes 1R, 4R, 6R (509)

B... >>> Xb...

Primers (410)

BIII >>> I(a-BIII)

 

BCD... >>> Xbcd...

Primers (410)

Be syn firm

Brittle ear

bg

Brown glumes

beta-Glu1

beta-Glucosidase

bn

Bent lowest internode

br...

Brittle stem (101,335,514)

br >>> bs

 

bs syn br

Branched stem (32,514)

Bt

Tolerance to excess of boron

Byd 

Tolerance to barley yellow dwarf virus

Cat

Catalase

Cat syn Xpsr484

 

cb

Brown stem

Cbt

Resistance to karnal bunt (Neovossia indica)

Ce

Copper efficiency

centr

Centromere

Chi58

Chalcone-flavanone isomerase of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway (476)

Chl

Chlorophyll deficiency

Cl

Shorter coleoptile length (426); coleoptile length seems to be partially dominant to long coleoptile; no correlation between seed weight and coleoptile length exists

cl >>> lu

 

Clr1 >>> Ner

Hybrid chlorosis in wheat-rye hybrids (444)

Cm

Chlorofom-methanol proteins

Cm16 syn Xmtd862

 

Cnr  syn Cre

Resistance to cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae)

Co

Corroded

cob

A mitochondrial gene responsible for an abnormal transcript causing male-sterile cytoplasm in rye (Pampa type) (339)

Cxp1 syn Xwia483

 

Cre >>> Cnr

 

CreR >>> Cnr and Cre

 

cs

Shortened stamens and coalesced (374)

ct55...

Short straw mutants

ct255

Short straw mutant (compact spike)

ct355

Compactum growth habit

CTer

Terminal DNA sequence

Cut

Tolerance to excess of copper

Cxp

Carboxypeptidase

Cxp3 syn Xpsr8

 

Ddw55... syn Dw55...

Dominant dwarfness 55

de

Downward directed spikes (377)

De syn N

Dark ear

Dec

Dietary fibers content (381)

Dia33

Diaphorase

Dn2414

Resistance to the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia, of the wheat line, ST-ARS 02RWA2414- 11 (517)

Dn7 syn Dnr syn Gbr

Resistance to the Russian wheat aphid (310)

Dnr  syn Gbr

Resistance to (green bug) aphid, dominant (Diuraphis noxia) (467)

dr syn sr

Secondary root system defective

drr

Resistance to drought

ds155

Recessive dwarfness (382)

dsc...

Desynaptic chromosome pairing (343)

dw55

Dwarf plant

dw855 syn Dw21,55

Dwarf plant, recessive (201,504), found in inbred line RXL10, sensitive to exogenously applied gibberellic acid

dw9-6RL

Dwarf plant, recessive, found  in Bashirskaja karlikovaja mutant line, insensitive to exogenously applied gibberellic acid (529)

Dw155 syn Ddw155 syn Hl55

(371)

Ec

Color of spike

eh

Early heading

el >>> al

Eligulatum

Embp syn Xrsq805

 

Embp1 syn Xrsq805

 

Embp2 syn Xrsq805

 

Eml-1Ra48

Embryo lethality in wheat-rye hybrids, two alleles, compatible (364,440,441,442)

Eml-1Rb48

Embryo lethality in wheat-rye hybrids, incompatible (364,440,441,442)

En(ae)

Enhancer of androgenous embryoids wheat-rye  substitutions in vitro (384)

En(ai)

Enhancer of  albino induction in anther culture

En(gi)

Enhancer of genome instability of wheat (383)

En(hi)

Enhancer of anther culture ability and haploid induction

En(cg)

Enhancer of callus growth in vitro

En(edu)17

Enhancer of equational division of univalents

En(em)

Enhancer of embryogenesis in vitro

Ep...

Endopeptidase

epr >>> wa

 

epr1 >>> wa1

 

Er...

Early ripening

es >>> wg

 

Est43...

Esterase

Fa

Flag leaf area

Fbp syn Xpsr39

 

F3h58

Flavanone 3-hydroxylase of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway (476)

firm >>> Be

 

Fl

Length of flag leaf

Fr

Resistance to Fusarium ssp.

fs

Fine stripe

fv

Flavovirescent

Fw

Width of flag leaf

(GACA)4

Oligomer with tetranucleotide  motif  after FISH (281); in the karyogram given as red dots

Gai 

Gibberellic acid insensitivity

Gal

Galactosidase

Gb... >>> Dnr  syn Gbr

Green bug resistance, dominant (467)

Gbr >>> Dnr >>> Gb

 

Gbs

Primer derived from granule-bound starch synthetase (GBSSI), also known as waxy) gene (363) (455)

gd55  syn mn55

Grass dwarfness

Ger147

Gene encodes a bifunctional 3,5-epimerase-4-reductase in L-fucose synthesis

Gdh

Glutamate dehydrogenase

Glb3 syn Xwia807

 

Gli

Gliadin >>>  Secalin (458)

Gli-R1 >>> Sec1

 

Gli-R3 >>> Sec4

 

Glob syn Xrsq808

 

GloB

Three-beta-globin

Glu...

Glutenin >>>  Secalin (458)

Glu-R1 >>> Sec3

 

Glu syn Glu1

 

Glu1 >>> Glu

 

Glu3 syn Xpsr11 >>> Sec3

 

Got syn Aat

Aspartat aminotransferase

Gpd

Glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase

Gpi syn Pgi

Glucose phosphate isomerase

gr

Grassy plant habit

H syn Hfr

Resistance to Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) (459)

H155 syn Dw155

Dominant short-straw mutant (371)

Ha syn Hp syn Hs35

Hairy leaf sheath/peduncle

Hd163

Flowering date (500)

Hdw-R1B

Hybrid dwarfism = grass-clump phenotype in wheat-rye crosses (497)

HemA

HemA-gene encodes glutamyl-tRNA reductase

Hfr >>> H

 

Hg syn V         

Hairy glume

Hl55 syn Dw155 syn Ddw155

251

Hm138

Resistance to lethal leaf blight and ear mold disease caused by Cochliobolus carbonum, race 1 (CCR1); common in all grasses; detected in maize and barley  (421)

Hma

3-hydroxymugineic acid synthetase

Hp >>> Hs >>> Ha35

 

Hs >>> Ha and Hp35

Hairy leaf sheath

Hsp17.3 syn Xttu1935

 

Hsps  >>> I(hsps)

 

Ia >>> I(a)

 

I(a...)

alpha-amylase inhibitor (299)

I(a-BIII)

alpha-amylase inhibitor gene containing 354 nucleotides that encode amino acids (341)

I(Amy) >>> I(a)

Amylase inhibitor

I(as) syn Si  syn Asi  syn Isa

alpha-amylase/subtilisin inhibitor  (299)

I(ae)

Inhibitor of androgenous embryoids wheat-rye  substitutions in vitro (384)

I(hsps)

Suppressor effect on accumulation of HSP18 and HSP70 transcripts

I(et)

Major endosperm trypsin inhibitor

Ibf

Iodine binding factor

I(dha)

Inhibitor of insect alpha-amylase (RDAI)

I(dsc1)15

Dominant inhibitor suppressing desynaptic chromosome pairing (343)

I(ncw)

Inhibitor of novel cell wall formation in wheat (396)

I(scx)37

Secale cereale xylanase inhibitor (411)

Il

Internode length

Isa  syn  I(as)

 

Kn

Number of seeds per spike (361,499)

Kw..., kw...

Thousand-kernel weight (336,499,506)

Lec syn Xmsu488

 

ln

Light nodes (351)

Ln

Length of second internode

Iph >>> Per >>> Prx

 

La

Anthocyanin in ligule

la

Leafy awn (378)

Lap >>> Amp

 

Lc

Color of leaf

Ldh

Lactate dehydrogenase

lg

Light-green leaf color

ln

Light node

Ln

Number of leaves of stem

lo

Onion-like leaves (379)

lr

adaxial rolling of leaves, after drought stress (521)

Lr136 - Lr syn Pr1

Resistance to leaf (brown) rust (Puccinia recondita, P. dispersa) 6RL (380, 399, 400)

Lr-a

Resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita) 1R

Lr-c

Resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita) 1R

Lr-g

Resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita)

Lra(7)

Resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita), isolate 7 (350)

Lra(12)

Resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita), isolate 12 (350)

Lra(24)

Resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita), isolate24 (486)

Lra(25)

Resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita), isolate25 (350)

Lra(81)

Resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita), isolate 81 (350)

Lra(108)

Resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita), isolate 108 (350)

lu syn cl

Lutescent

Lw

Leaf waxiness

Lys

Lysine

Mal

Malic enzyme

Mas

Mugineic acid synthetase

Mate161

Al-induced citrate transporter gene (494,495)

mc

Monoculm growth habit (374)

Mdh

Malate dehydrogenase

Me

Manganese efficiency

mn55 >>> gd55

Multinodosum, dwarf habit55

mn255

Dwarfness with double increased number of internodes (376)

mo50

Monstrous growth habit (446); showing additional spikelets per spike

mp

Multiple pistils

mrs1 >>> mo1>>> mo

(446)

ms >>> Rf >>> Rfg2

Male sterility (368)

msh syn Xc, Xs, Xr

mismatch repair gene homologs msh2 syn Xc11; msh3 syn Xs2; msh6 syn Xr2 (456)

mu1 >>> mo

Multiflowered spike (371,446)

N >>> De

 

Nar

Nitrate reductase

Nc

Color of nodes

Nca

Neocentric activity

Ndh

NADH dehydrogenase

Ner 

Hybrid necrosis (124,443)

Ngc

Non-cellulosic glucose content

Nl

Neck length

Nor

Nucleolar organizer region

np55

Nana prostratum, short-stem ‘inch-gitl’

Npg65

Number of pollen grains per anther (502)

ol

Onion accrected leaves

or

Orange

pAWRC.1

3.4 kbp repetitive segment of retrotransposon-like elements (419,420;460) localized within the centromere of rye chromosomes without FISH signal in wheat chromosomes

P(cp) >>> En(cp)

Homoeologous pairing promoter

Pc

Purple culm

pe

Perennial growth habit

P(Edu) >>> En(edu)

Promoter of equational division of univalents

Per syn Prx

Peroxidase

Per syn Xpsr833

 

Pdk1 syn Xhhu1

 

pfs

Partial floret sterility

Pgd

6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase

Pgi >>> Gpi

 

Pgm

Phosphoglucomutase

Pgs1

Resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. secalis) (532)

Pgt

Parthenogenesis induction

Ph >>> QTL3-5RL

Plant height (499)

Pi

Tolerance to inorganic orthophosphate (Pi) starvation stress  (413)

Pl >>> QTL4-5RL

Peduncle length

Pm

Resistance to powdery mildew

Pm20

Powdery mildew from rye “Prolific” (478); confers a high level of resistance to the Chinese races of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici

Pm56

Powdery mildew from rye “Qinling” (524); confers resistance to the Chinese races of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici

pol-r

Mitochondrial gene (323)

Pr3, Pr4, Pr5

Dominant resistance to Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis (307)

Pr3 >>> Sec4

55-kD-seed protein, genes coding for seed protein on chromosomes 4R and 6R (509)

Pro

Proline

Prx >>> Per

Peroxidase

Ps syn Vs

Purple seeds

psbD

Coding for components of the reaction center of photosystem II and D2 protein

psbI

Coding for a polypeptide

pSc34 >>> Xpsc34

350-480 bp family from S. cereale

pSc74 >>> Xpsc74

610 bp family from S. cereale

pSc119.2 >>> Xpsc119.2

120 bp family from S. cereale (510)

pSc200 >>> Xpsc200

Highly repetitive sequence from S. cereale

pScJNK1 >>> XpscJNK1

Novel highly repetitive sequence from S. cereale (402)

pScT7 >>> Xpsc77

5S rDNA form S. cereale

PSR154

cDNA clone, by HindIII

pTa71

25S-5.8S-18S rDNA from T. aestivum

Pur-R1 >>> Xpur-R1

 

Py

Yield per plant (361)

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