Rearrangements between wheat chromosomes occurred many times during the evolution of wheat. They have been understood as a major driving force in shaping genomes.

Translocations are e frequently associated with genomic disorder.  They can alter levels of recombination.

The presence of the non-homoeologous translocations between chromosomes 4A, 5A and 7B well known in the hexaploid wheat (98).

It can be assumed that the 4AL/5AL translocation occurred at the diploid level as it is present in T. monococcum  and the 4A/7B translocation must have occurred at the tetraploid level as it is present in T. durum.

Latest molecular techniques contributed to their precise confirmation. There were not only translocation but also inversion events.

The complex rearrangement  began with the 4AL/5AL reciprocal translocation, followed by a pericentric  inversion in chromosome 4A, a further ‘4AL’/7BS reciprocal translocation, and finally  one paracentric as well as  and one pericentric inversion on chromosome 4A (99).