Species


	*Table 1: Classification of wheat species (Triticum ssp.)*

Genome level	Species	Chromosome number (2n =)	Genome formula
Diploid	urartu2n=	14	A^uA^u
	boeoticum	14	A^mA^m
	monococcum	14	A^mA^m
	ssp.	monococcum (cultivated form, einkorn or small spelt wheat) aegilopoides (wild type)
	ssp.
	sinskajae (mutant, free-threshing form of T. monococcum)	14	A^mA^m

Tetraploid	turgidum	28	BBA^uA^u
	ssp.	turgidum (rivet, cone, or pollard wheat)
	ssp.	carthlicum (Peresian or Persian black wheat)
	ssp.	dicoccum (emmer wheat)
	ssp.	durum (macaroni, hard, or durum wheat)
	ssp.	paleocolchicum
	ssp.	polonicum (Polish wheat)
	ssp.	turanicum (Khorasan wheat)
	ssp.	dicoccoides (wild emmer wheat)
	araraticum	28	GGA^uA^u
	timopheevi	28	GGA^uA^u
	militinae (mutant of T. timopheevi)	28	GGA^uA^u

Hexaploid	aestivum	42	BBA^uA^uDD
	ssp.	aestivum species (bread wheat)
	ssp.	compactum (club, dwarf, hedgehog, or cluster wheat)
	ssp.	macha
	ssp.	spelta (large spelt or dinkel wheat
	ssp.	sphaerococcum
	vavilovii	42	BBA^uA^uDD
	zhukovskyi (T. timopheevi × T. monococcum)	42	GGA^uA^uA^uA^u

There are five known combinations in the genus Triticum leading to five super species:

In the genus Triticum, five genomes, all originally found in diploid species, have been identified:

A^m - present in wild einkorn (T. boeoticum)
A^u - present in T. urartu (closely related to T. boeoticum)
B - present in most tetraploid wheats; source most similar to Aegilops speltoides
G - present in T. timopheevi group of wheats; source most similar to Ae. speltoides.
D - present in Ae. squarrosa, i.e., in all hexaploid wheats


	© by R. Schlegel 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2014 2015 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022




	Wheat x Aegilops ovata hybrid and parental spikes



Wheat x Aegilops caudata hybrid, F1 meiosis



			Aegilops neglecta



		Wheat x Aegilops sharonense hybrid and parental spikes